Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana (PMGKAY; transl. Prime Minister’s Food Security Scheme for the Poor) is a food security welfare scheme introduced by the Government of India on 26 March 2020, throughout the COVID-19 pandemic in India. The program is operated by the Department of Food and Public Distribution below the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution.
The scheme goals to feed the poorest residents of India by offering grain by the Public Distribution System, to all of the precedence households (ration card holders and people recognized by the Antyodaya Anna Yojana scheme). PMGKAY supplies 5 kg of rice or wheat (in response to regional dietary preferences) per particular person and 1 kg of dal to every household holding a ration card. The scale of this welfare scheme makes it the biggest meals safety program on the planet.
Pradhan Mantri Gareeb Kalyan Anna Yojana : Overview
The scheme was initially launched on 26 March 2020 with an announcement by the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, who introduced this system as a part of the prevailing Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Yojana welfare initiative in his first tackle to the nation throughout the COVID-19 pandemic. Initially, the scheme was launched for the interval from April—June 2020, with a price of ₹1.70 lakh crore (US$21 billion) to the exchequer.
The scheme was additional prolonged to November 2020 in a later tackle to the nation by Modi. By the tip of May 2020, the meals ministry estimated that this system had reached 740 million beneficiaries. Praising this system, a authorities official famous the protection below the welfare scheme as “impressive”. Another union minister commented on the scheme, saying: “This will ensure no one sleeps hungry in the country…”
As the initiative was on account of expire by the tip of June 2020, ten states within the nation requested an extension of the time-frame. This was confirmed by Modi in his sixth tackle to the nation because the onset of COVID-19 in India. With consideration to the upcoming competition season in India, Modi introduced the extension of PMGKAY as much as November 2020, which in keeping with authorities estimates would profit 800 million beneficiaries. He additional famous that this system would incur an extra expenditure of ₹90,000 crore (US$11 billion) for its extension.
The scale of the scheme makes it the most important meals safety program on this planet. Reporting on Modi’s speech, the Financial Express claimed the scheme “could feed 2.5 times the US population, 12 times the UK population, and twice the European Union’s population”. Modi thanked the “hardworking farmers and honest taxpayers” in his speech for the success of the scheme. Immediately after Modi’s announcement, the Home Minister of India, Amit Shah, referred to as a gathering of the Group of Ministers to make sure the graceful implementation of the scheme.
In response to the states’ request for an extension of the meals safety program, Minister for Food Supplies Ram Vilas Paswan additional commented that one other flagship scheme of the federal government, “One Nation – One Ration Card”, is being deliberate and scheduled to be launched in March 2021. The new proposed scheme is devised to cater particularly to migrant laborers to assist them obtain sponsored grain from any “fair price” retailers throughout the nation.
Failure of distribution because of corruption at floor stage
Data launched after PM Modi’s speech from the Ministry of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution revealed that many of the free grain did not be distributed to supposed recipients because of corruption amongst meals sellers and village council members.
Both Goa and Telangana distributed no grain in any respect with an additional 11 (Andhra Pradesh, Gujarat, Jharkhand, Ladakh, Maharashtra, Meghalaya, Odisha, Sikkim, Tamil Nadu, and Tripura) distributing lower than 1% of their allotted quantity in April and May 2020. An extra six (Bihar, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Sikkim, and Ladakh) additionally distributed zero grain in June 2020.
Ram Vilas Paswan, the Union Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution stated that “Some states are not distributing grain to the poor. [We] have problem in providing foodgrain to states, so when it is being given free, I don’t understand the problem in distribution. We are taking this issue seriously”. The Food Secretary Sudhanshu Pandey blamed an absence of migrant employees for the failure to distribute grains. The director of Oxfam India, Ranu Bhogal, blamed corruption amongst meals sellers and village council members.
Success
As per a research carried out by International Monetary Fund, printed on 5 April 2020, discovered that excessive poverty (lower than PPP USD 1.9 per particular person per day) in India is lower than 1 per cent in 2019 and it remained at that stage even in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic 12 months 2020. Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s meals safety scheme, the Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana, has been essential in stopping any improve in excessive poverty ranges in India in the course of the COVID-19 pandemic.
The new IMF paper, Pandemic, Poverty, and Inequality: Evidence from India, offered estimates of poverty (excessive poverty PPP USD 1.9 and PPP USD3.2) and consumption inequality in India for every of the years 2004-5 by means of the pandemic 12 months 2020-21. These estimates embody, for the primary time, the impact of meals subsidies on poverty and inequality.
Extreme poverty was as little as 0.8 per cent within the pre-pandemic 12 months 2019, and meals transfers had been instrumental in making certain that it remained at that low stage within the pandemic 12 months 2020. Post-food subsidy inequality at .294 is now very near its lowest stage of 0.284 noticed in 1993/94. A low stage of utmost poverty in two consecutive years, and one together with the pandemic, may be thought-about as an elimination of utmost poverty. The PMGKAY
was essential in stopping any improve in excessive poverty ranges in India and the doubling of meals entitlements labored considerably by way of absorbing the COVID-19 induced earnings shocks on the poor, stated the IMF report. Meanwhile, PM Modi had introduced the extension of PMGKAY final month until September 2022. Under the PMGKAY, free meals grain is offered to these in want.
The scheme was kickstarted in March 2020 amid the COVID-19 pandemic within the nation and it was prolonged until March 2022 in November final 12 months for 4 months (December 2021-March 2022). The scheme entails offering 5 kg foodgrains per particular person per 30 days, over and above the common month-to-month NFSA foodgrains. The profit is being offered to these coated below the National Food Security Act (NFSA) [Antodaya Anna Yojana and Priority Households] together with these coated below Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT).
The authorities had in March 2020 introduced the distribution of further free-of-cost foodgrains (rice/wheat) to about 80 crore National Food Security Act (NFSA) beneficiaries within the wake of the state of affairs created by COVID-19 in order that the weak households don’t undergo on account of non-availability of ample foodgrains.
The pandemic shock is basically a short lived earnings shock, stated the IMF report, including {that a} momentary fiscal coverage intervention was the fiscally applicable method to take up a big a part of the shock. Consumption progress (an necessary determinant of poverty) was discovered to be increased in 2014-19 than the sturdy progress noticed in 2004-2011.
The paper additionally examined, in some element, the plausibility of the outcomes contained within the NSS shopper expenditure survey of 2017-18.”Pandemic, Poverty, and Inequality: Evidence from India”. International Monetary Fund
External links
References
- ^ “कैबिनेट का अहम फैसला: गरीबों को मार्च 2022 तक मिलेगा मुफ्त राशन, कृषि कानून वापसी का प्रस्ताव भी मंजूर”. Amar Ujala. Retrieved 24 November 2021.
- ^ “What is Pradhan Mantri Gareeb Kalyan Anna Yojana? How Will it Help 80 Crore Migrant Workers?”. Archived from the original on 6 July 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
- ^ Jump up to:a b “Modi govt’s largest ration subsidy scheme for 80 Cr Indians; check full details of govt plan – The Financial Express”. Retrieved 29 July 2020.
- ^ “Coronavirus in India: FM Nirmala Sitharaman announces economic relief package – Business News”. Archived from the original on 26 March 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
- ^ “Centre tells states to pace up distribution of grains to migrants – The Economic Times”. Archived from the original on 9 June 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
- ^ “PM has ensured no one sleeps hungry in country: Prakash Javadekar on extension of Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana | India News – Times of India”. Archived from the original on 12 July 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
- ^ Jump up to:a b “10 states seek extension of free grains scheme – The Economic Times”. Archived from the original on 30 June 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
- ^ “PM Modi extends Pradhan Mantri Garib Kalyan Anna Yojana till Diwali, Chhath, end of November – The Financial Express”. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
- ^ “PM Modi announces free food grain scheme extension, urges people to wear masks – india news – Hindustan Times”. Archived from the original on 1 July 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
- ^ “Soon after PM Modi’s announcement, Amit Shah chairs meeting of GoM over PMGKAY”. Archived from the original on 30 June 2020. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
- ^ Jump up to:a b “India’s COVID-19 free food rations: Government’s ‘compassionate’ gesture blighted by inefficiencies”. Food Navigator Asia. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
- ^ “IMF lauds PM Modi’s food security scheme, says PMGKAY averted rise in extreme poverty during COVID-19 pandemic – Firstpost”. 28 July 2015.
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